منابع مشابه
Sandpiles with height restrictions.
We study stochastic sandpile models with a height restriction in one and two dimensions. A site can topple if it has a height of two, as in Manna's model, but, in contrast to previously studied sandpiles, here the height (or number of particles per site), cannot exceed two. This yields a considerable simplification over the unrestricted case, in which the number of states per site is unbounded....
متن کاملGeneralized Manna Sandpile Model with Height Restrictions
Sandpile models with conserved number of particles (also called fixed energy sandpiles) may undergo phase transitions between active and absorbing states. We generalize the Manna sandpile model with fixed number of particles, introducing a parameter −1≤ λ≤ 1 related to the toppling of particles from active sites to its first neighbors. In particular, we discuss a model with height restrictions,...
متن کاملResolution Refutations and Propositional Proofs with Height-Restrictions
Height restricted resolution (proofs or refutations) is a natural restriction of resolution where the height of the corresponding proof tree is bounded. Height restricted resolution does not distinguish between treeand sequence-like proofs. We show that polylogarithmic-height resolution is strongly connected to the bounded arithmetic theory S 2(α). We separate polylogarithmic-height resolution ...
متن کاملPlaying with sandpiles
The Bak–Tang–Wiesenfeld sandpile model provides a simple and elegant system with which to demonstrate self-organized criticality. This model has rather remarkable mathematical properties 0rst elucidated by Dhar. I demonstrate some of these properties graphically with a simple computer simulation. Published by Elsevier B.V.
متن کاملLadder Sandpiles
We study Abelian sandpiles on graphs of the form G×I, where G is an arbitrary finite connected graph, and I ⊂ Z is a finite interval. We show that for any fixed G with at least two vertices, the stationary measures μI = μG×I have two extremal weak limit points as I ↑ Z. The extremal limits are the only ergodic measures of maximum entropy on the set of infinite recurrent configurations. We show ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Physical Review E
سال: 2002
ISSN: 1063-651X,1095-3787
DOI: 10.1103/physreve.66.016111